关于胆囊癌
Gallbladder cancer is a rare disease in which cancerous cells form in the tissues of the gallbladder.
迹象 & 症状
这些都是胆囊癌的征兆：
- Yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes, also called jaundice
- 胃部以上疼痛
- 发热
- 恶心和呕吐
- 腹胀
- 腹部有肿块
Many other health problems can also cause these signs. If you have any of these signs, see your doctor as soon as possible.
了解更多关于 胆囊癌症 来自国家癌症研究所.
胆囊的图像
专业 & 治疗
The treatment or combination of treatments each patient has depends on the stage of the cancer, 护理小组的建议, 以及病人的愿望. These are the most common types of treatment for 胆囊癌症:
- 手术
- 放射治疗
- 化疗
亨茨曼癌症研究所’s Gastrointestinal (GI) Cancers Program provides comprehensive, 富有同情心的, state-of-the-art care for cancers of the digestive system. Our experts treat and diagnose all types of GI cancers and conditions.
找胆囊癌医生
原因 & 风险因素
Anything that increases your chance of getting a disease is called a risk factor. Having a risk factor does not mean you are sure to get cancer. It means your chances are higher than the average person’s. Talk with your doctor to learn more about your cancer risk. 风险因素包括：
- 被女
- 作为印第安人
诊断 & 阶段
胆囊癌的诊断
Doctors use these tests to diagnose 胆囊癌症:
- 体格检查及病史： A health care provider examines your body for signs of disease. Your personal health habits, past illnesses, and symptoms help guide the exam.
- 实验室测试: 通过检测身体组织, 血, 尿液, 或者体内的其他物质, your health care team can check to see how the liver and other organs are functioning. They can also look for substances that cells produce when cancer is present.
- 超声: This procedure uses high-energy sound waves to create a picture of the internal organs.
- 成像测试: 使用染料, x射线, 磁铁, 无线电波和/或计算机技术, your health care provider can create detailed images of internal organs.
- 其他的程序: Some procedures use a combination of x射线, 作用域, needles and surgeries to check internal organs. These include percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).
- 活组织检查: The health care provider removes cell or tissue samples so they can be viewed under a microscope to check for signs of cancer.
胆囊癌的分期
阶段 of cancer show whether cancer has spread within the gallbladder or to other parts of the body. Cancer spreads in the body in three ways: through tissue, the lymph system, or the 血.
These are the stages used for 胆囊癌症:
- Stage 0: Stage 0 cancers are often called carcinoma in situ. For stage 0 胆囊癌症, tests have found abnormal cells on the inside of the gallbladder. These abnormal cells may become cancer and spread.
- Stage 1: Cancer has formed and spread beyond the inner layer of the gallbladder.
- Stage 2: Cancer has spread into the outer layers of the gallbladder.
- Stage 3 (3A, 3B, 3C): Cancer has spread through the gallbladder into nearby lymph nodes or organs.
- 第四阶段（4A）, 4B): Cancer has spread into the main 血 vessel of the liver or to distant organs such as the lungs.
胆囊癌, your health care team might discuss the disease in terms of how they will recommend treating it. They may call it resectable cancer, which means that it can be removed with surgery. Unresectable cancer cannot be removed with surgery.
When cancer spreads from where it started to another part of the body, it is called metastasis. These metastatic cancer cells are the same type of cancer as the primary tumor. 例如, if 胆囊癌症 spreads to the bone, the cancer cells in the bone are actually 胆囊癌症 cells. The disease is metastatic 胆囊癌症, not bone cancer.
了解更多关于 胆囊癌的分期 来自国家癌症研究所.
