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什么是呼吸道合胞病毒？我该如何保护我的宝宝? 这就是今天的主题. 我是博士. 辛迪·盖尔纳为您报道.
什么是呼吸道合胞病毒?
So RSV is a common virus that usually affects the nose, throat, and lungs. RSV代表呼吸道合胞病毒. And, normally, for kids over the age of two and adults, it's just like a bad cold. 但对于两岁以下的孩子，尤其是 早产婴儿婴儿, 这可能非常严重.
Symptoms of RSV are usually common cold symptoms: cough, runny nose. The difference is the runny nose is going to be significantly mucusy, copious amounts of mucus. You can get some redness of the eyes, coughing, sore, scratchy throat. 两岁以下的孩子, 尤其是早产儿, 大发娱乐担心的是毛细支气管炎.
细支气管炎
在毛细支气管炎中, 这种病毒攻击肺部的小气道, 它还会引起咳嗽, 喘息, 呼吸紧促, and trouble breathing where they are doing what's called retractions. They're breathing so hard that you can actually see them sucking in air, and you can see indentations underneath their rib cage and in between their ribs, where they're really just trying to suck in as much air as possible.
当你的儿科医生听你宝宝的肺部时, 如果他们有呼吸道合胞病毒和细支气管炎, it actually sounds like Rice Krispies in the lungs; it's just all crackly. 经常, pediatricians are able to get a good idea if your child has RSV or not just based on the symptoms. Days three through five of an RSV illness are the worst; that's when they're the most symptomatic and again we can usually hear the crackles in the lungs. We can often take samples of mucus from the nose and test it for the virus to see if it is RSV and then we know how to be a little bit more aggressive with treating the viral illness your baby has, 如果它是正的.
RSV治疗
Because RSV is a virus, and not a bacteria, antibiotics, unfortunately, will not help treat RSV. Babies under the age of one quite often will need some extra oxygen and even may be treated in the hospital if their bronchiolitis is so bad that their oxygen level is under 90 percent, and your doctor will be checking your baby's oxygen if you bring them in for these symptoms. 如果他们住院了, 他们带着氧气被送回家, and then in the office we can help you wean your baby off of the oxygen. 呼吸道合胞病毒疾病通常持续7到21天, 但是再一次, 最严重的是前3到5天.
So if there's no real good medicine to treat RSV, how do I help my child? Well, there are some cases when we do need to give some medicine. 如果你有家族病史 哮喘 或者您的孩子过去有喘息的病史, 在感染RSV之前, 大发娱乐听到了伴随着这些噼啪声的喘息声, we might them a treatment of a breathing treatment called albuterol. Albuterol is also the medication that's in the fast-acting inhalers for 哮喘 patients. 如果你的孩子学得好, 用沙丁胺醇, then we can sometimes get a breathing treatment machine sent home with you and the medication for you.
The most important thing that's going to help your child is sucking out their nose, 大发娱乐都知道他们有多喜欢这样. Unfortunately sucking out the nose is going to be the best thing for them. You're going to need to use nasal saline before you suction out the mucus. Nasal saline will actually help loosen up thick mucus so you can get it out easier, 这样你的孩子就能更轻松地呼吸了. Sometimes, your physician will be able to give you a prescription to the 呼吸门诊 就在盐湖城. You can take your baby to the clinics and they are run by respiratory therapists and they are able to do deep suctioning. So they will stick a tube way down in your baby's nose and really suction everything out. 有点像宝宝鼻子上的Roto Rooter. 但它确实有助于把粘液排出.
And those prescriptions are usually good for seven days, and the clinics are open 24 hours a day. They're really good about sending your physician a note through the fax or through the computer to let them know you took your child there and what happened. 吸痰有大发娱乐吗? 他们需要呼吸治疗吗? 他们需要氧气吗？? 他们需要被录取吗?
预防RSV
那么你怎样才能大发娱乐防止你的孩子感染呼吸道合胞病毒呢? One thing you can do is make sure that people wash their hands and sanitize before holding your child and try to keep your baby away from people who have cold symptoms.
Unlike certain other viruses that we have vaccines for, there is no vaccine that can prevent RSV. 然而, babies who are born very prematurely--usually before 30 weeks of the pregnancy--or babies who have certain types of heart disease or chronic lung disease, 可以用一种叫做Synagis的药物治疗吗. Now Synagis is a kind of antibody which can help prevent severe RSV infections. We used to think that it would actually prevent your child from getting it, period.
Now we now that it will help your baby's immune system to fight off RSV if the baby gets it and prevent hospitalization and shorten the length of illness. Your doctor will let you know if your baby qualifies for Synagis. It's a very expensive medication and only certain babies qualify through their insurance, 但是那些符合条件的孩子, 大发娱乐确保他们得到他们需要的药物.
And you're going to need to keep saline and the bulb sucker and a cool mist humidifier handy to help get the mucus out of your baby's nose if they get RSV. 如果你认为你的宝宝有呼吸道合胞病毒, please have them seen by your pediatrician within the first few days that they are ill so we can help you take care of them.
更新日期：2022年10月25日
最初发布日期：2014年12月1日